Andy's PJE 2013-15 SL Economics class

In September 2000, 189 U.N. member states and more than 25 international organizations of public and private scope, committed themselves to the complex cause of extreme poverty reduction on a global scale. It was informally spoken of as the largest collective impact agreement at the time, marking history. Although this article is not about the HDI, it however about what affects the HDI, namely the MDG. The period for the MDG has expired and some progress seemed to have been made. The article mentions the reduction in gender inequality in primary education and politics but also notes almost no change in secondary and further education. The UN is currently compiling the new set of goals. The policy has proved succesful and will hopefully encourage success in the future.

Germany has dropped its opposition to an EU trade deal with Canada despite continuing concerns over the inclusion of controversial investor protection rules. This is an example of an international trade agreement and how is can be difficult for governments to balance domestic politics with international politics.

India is experiencing a huge trade deficit and is now trying to reduce that by signing a deal with China to increase collaboration between the two countries. The deal will hopefully see more exports from India to China and break down chinese trade barriers to make access to the market better for India.

LONDON Nov 7 (Reuters) - Britain's goods trade deficit widened by more than expected in September, hit by a jump in oil imports and by weak export growth to the European Union, official data showed on Friday. This article paints a very clear picture about Britain's ever increasing manufacturing crisis. Britain has becomes a consumer nation, with little being produced that could reduce the current account deficit. The figures in the article show a continued increase in deficit which will have to lead to more borrowing to bridge the gap. To me this suggests that more has to be done to increase the balance of trade in goods through manufacturing and high end exports in goods.

Naira down almost 4 percent this year as oil prices fall. Due to a recent fail of major Nigerian banks lending of US dollar his high. The Central bank is trying to ease the pressure on the Naira but putting tighter regulations in place when it comes to borrowing foreign funds. This may be an attempt to reduce demand for dollar and decrease supply of Naira.

Foreign currency markets have always been a popular trading ground. However, towards the end of summer the picture looked oblique since volatility in exchange rates (rate of fluctuation in price) has been dropping, something that means less profits for traders. New regulations and restrictions as well as additional attention on the currency markets by regulators seems to be one of the causes for this. More over, low interest rates due to the recent crisis mean that currencies are not experiencing much change and have essentially flat lined. Most floating exchange rates appear to me fixed. This means lost revenue to banks and traders dealing in these markets.

BRUSSELS-The European Union could drop controversial investor-protection rules from its free-trade talks with the U.S., it is unlikely they do the same for its trade deal with Canada, its designated trade commissioner said. The deal is an important agreement between the states and the EU because it allows for faster and simpler trading between the countries. However, the debate has been intense around a specific clause which provides investors with additional protection which, if exploited, could allow them to potentially sue governments. The question is how free should the trade agreement be and what is the right level of government control.

Thatcher-era supply-side policy had been used in UK for a number of decades. Mark Carney, the new governor of the Bank of England wants to reduce unemployment through the monetary policy goal rather than the supply-side policy. He is making efforts to change the emphasis on the supply-side policy, which has always aimed to reduce employment and to control inflation by implementing the increase in investments and the introduction of taxes towards the rich. Carney wants to shift the conditions of the markets towards driving up more investors and creating financial stability through the interest rate policy. This may be the solution to UK's economic problems, which had been lasting for a number of years since 2008 and the Euro crisis.

how the fiscal policy related to the economic growth in Ethiopia might not result in a sustainable economic growth.

This article talks about tax increases for high-income Americans, and how this plus spending cuts and economic growth might help reduce their debt.

The following article talks about Obama's Budget for the US this year. It proposes low-income tax breaks, to further decrease the income inequality in the US and give more benefits to the low income earners in the US.

This article talks about how economic growth on its own is not sufficient enough to battle extreme poverty. The world bank stresses that we need to reduce poverty, at a rate of 50 million a year until 2030. As we know fiscal policies can be used to stimulate growth but this is not the only use. We can also use them to redistribute income, which is necessary in this case. Further more monetary policy is not good enough in tackling these issues directly. Dedicated government spending and tax cuts on the poor are far better fiscal policies to deal with the issue.

this article shows how Ethiopia acquired a double digit growth in recent years. it explain the significance of policy changes in the growth of the economy.

"The UK economy grew by 1.9% in 2013, its strongest rate since 2007, according to the Office for National Statistics (ONS)"

This article talks about how the UK's economy is growing as a result of the long-policies the government made in order to rebalance the economy.

The following article talks about how China has loosened its one baby policy, in order to face the growing problem of a rapidly aging population and slowing economic growth. However many young couples are not taking advantage of this new policy due to the rapidly rising costs of living in China.

The business lobbying group said its growth indicator showed the economy hit an eight-month low in March after hitting record levels in February. However, the study of 622 business across the manufacturing, retail and service industries showed growth remained strong and above average as the UK economy continues to be revived.